BRI-story
Scholarship and Prior Research
The Bullet Related Injury Clinic was founded in November 2020 after a year-long process of community engagement with the St. Louis ecosystem of trauma care and violence prevention. It was founded, however, on a rich foundation of scholarship around the experience of trauma, training on injury care and recovery, and deep reflection on the critical gaps in care present within trauma care systems. The following articles represent that backbone of inquiry which is the foundation for The BRIC and its current endeavors to heal and prevent BRI.
1. Andrade E, Hayes J, Punch L. Acute Bleeding Control: an enhancement of Bleeding Control 1.0 to reach community at high-risk for urban gun violence. JAMA.2019 May-June:76(3):824-831
2. Dicker RA, Punch LJ. Long-term Consequences in Trauma: At the Center of the Public Health Approach Is the Survivor's Voice. JAMA Surg. 2019 Nov 20.
3. Andrade EG, Hayes JM, Punch LJ. Stop the bleed: The impact of trauma first aid kits on post-training confidence among community members and medical professionals. Am J Surg. 2020 Jul;220(1):245-248
4. Onufer DJ, Andrade EG, Cullinan DR, Kramer J, Leonard J, Stewart M, Vallar K, Wise PE, Klingensmith ME, Punch LJ. Anatomy of Gun Violence: Contextualized Curriculum to Train Surgical Residents in Both Technical and Non-Technical Skills in the Management of Gun Violence. J Am Coll Surg. 2020 Dec. 231(6):628-637
5. Andrade EG, Uberoi M, Hayes JM, Thorton M, Kramer J, Punch LJ. The impact of retained bullet fragments on outcomes in patients with gunshot wounds. Am J Surg. 2021. June 11;S0002-9610(21)
6. Andrade EG, Onufer EJ, Thorton M, Keller M, Schuerer DJ, Punch LJ. Racial disparities in triage of adolescent patients after bullet injury. J Acute Trauma Care Surg. 2022 Feb 1;92(2):366-370
The BRIC was launched in 2020 as a pilot project with a goal of reaching 100 patients in the first year. It successfully engaged with over 140 patients in the first 10 months and exceeded all expectations for retention of those enrolled patients. Most notably, the pilot revealed significant weaknesses in the discharge and after care processes following evaluation of bullet injuries in the Emergency Department. This work was published and summarized as follows.
1. Hayes JM, Hann I, Punch LJ. The Bullet Related Injury Clinic - Healing the Deep wounds of Gun Violence. JAMA Surg. 2022. Feb 1;157(2)167-168.
2. Hayes JM, Punch LJ, Mueller KL. Care of Bullet-related Injuries: A Cross-sectional Study of Instructions and Prescriptions Provided on Discharge from the Emergency Department. West J Emerg Med. 2023 Feb 27;24(2):363-367
3. C. Phifer Nicholson Jr., Monica H. Bodd, Ellery Sarosi, Martha C. Carlough, M. Therese Lysaught, and Farr A. Curlin, “The Power of Proximity: Toward an Ethic of Accompaniment in Surgical Care,” Link to PDF
